International Studies at IU South Bend

Sketch by Lisa Zwicker, Professor of History & Director of International Programs

In the landscape of universities in Indiana, Ball State (founded in 1918) has its roots as a teacher’s college, Purdue University (groundbreaking in 1871) focused on science and technology, and Indiana University (classes began in 1825) has long been associated with research in the humanities, creativity in the arts, and international studies. During the Cold War, Indiana University was selected as one of the universities that would develop specialties in diverse international studies areas and languages and received funding to grow into a world leader in areas studies and languages.

International Studies remains a central part of Indiana University. Students at IU Bloomington can learn one of over eighty languages, more languages than are taught at any other university in the United States. IU is also a leader in study abroad. In the most recent Open Doors report IU Bloomington had several impressive accomplishments:

  • Fourth in the country overall, with a total of 2,498 students having gone abroad.
  • First in the Big Ten.
  • Second in the nation for semester-length study abroad.

Indiana University South Bend seeks to contribute to this tradition of offering an international education for students.

Background on Indiana University, South Bend

Indiana University South Bend is a regional campus of the seven-campus IU system and serves north central Indiana. IU South Bend is the third-largest IU campus, with 4446 students (as of fall 2023) and 243 full-time faculty members. In the last ten years, the IU South Bend student population has moved toward traditional age with 73% of undergraduate students 24 years of age or under. 40% of students are first-generation, 39% are Pell eligible, and 36% are students of color. The campus primarily serves our region with 70% of students coming from either St. Joseph or Elkhart counties and 64% of graduates remaining in the region.

International education & curriculum

Faculty with international expertise and courses with international themes are housed primarily in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, which is soon to be merged with the Raclin School of the Arts. In addition to the Global Cultures requirement for all IU South Bend students, BA students in CLAS are required to complete four semesters of language study or demonstrate similar proficiency. CLAS BA students also complete a requirement in the “Origins of the Modern West,” and many of those courses in literature, history or religious studies focus on Europe.  

In other words, general education requirements (the Global Cultures & World Languages BA requirement) play an important role in student enrollments in International Studies classes.

In the data collection about international studies courses, I have included classes that have been determined to count toward the International Studies minor, as well as a small number of those that cover international themes and topics.

The breakdown credits in international studies classes from fall 2023 is below:

Art History324
Anthropology1041
Business276
English51
Geography96
Health Sciences261
History369
Nursing69
Philosophy75
Political Science261
Religion75
Sociology153
Women’s Studies99
World languages1584
4734 credits

Most of the students who take Anthropology courses enroll in ANTH-E 105, “Introduction to the ethnographic and comparative study of contemporary and historical human society and culture,” which satisfies the Global Cultures requirement. The College of Health Sciences has recently created new courses with international themes. The number of History international courses has declined; in 2009, students enrolled in 1473 credits of courses in History with international themes, but that number is now 369 credits.

Altogether (assuming my math is correct), in Fall 2023 international studies courses made up 4734 credits of 52,530 total or about 9 percent of all IU South Bend credits. In the recent Academic Masterplan process, there has been new attention to low-enrolled programs and the President’s office particularly identified five IU South Bend programs as low-enrolled. These included Spanish, French, and Anthropology, three programs that play important roles in international education at IU South Bend.  

International students

Over the last few years, Connie Peterson-Miller, Director of Admissions and Director of International Student Services, has worked hard to attract and retain international students, even if IU regulations have often made it more difficult to achieve this end. At this point, IU South Bend enrolls 115 of international students, including students with DACA status. International students bring knowledge of the world to the thousands of IU South Bend students who do not study abroad or take International Studies classes.

International Students play an important role in key IU South Bend events like the April International Food festival held yearly (celebrating the 22nd anniversary this year!) as well as the Asian Food Festival. In addition to support from staff members in IU South Bend Admissions, the International Student Association helps bring students together and assists them.

English as a second Language

The number of ESL students taking classes fluctuates depending on the semester (lower in Spring and in semesters IU South Bend does not offer the graduate writing class—only offered every other semester or third semester depending on numbers) but a good average is 20-30 students per semester lately as we emerge from Covid and international travel/visa restrictions. While our numbers are on the lower side, international students pay a much higher tuition rate. Some graduate students, for example—such as the several taking ESL classes who are in the growing MBA program—pay almost $900 per credit hour, more than twice that of a resident student, effectively doubling the actual ESL enrollment numbers. Students who take ESL classes also often have higher retention rates than those who do not, especially amongst students whose first language is not English. As we continue to see more international students returning, identify permanent residents who need ESL classes, and grow our immigrant and Hispanic population, our numbers have been increasing in recent years.

Study Abroad

In the last decade, study abroad also increasingly contributed to international education at IU South Bend. In addition to the students who studied abroad, it is also important to recognize the role of the diverse faculty who contributed to study abroad programs, who grew in their knowledge and expertise about international studies through their role in teaching IU South Bend students on study abroad trips. The Appendix includes a list of all the IU South Bend faculty who have led study abroad trips.

In 2020 all study abroad programs were cancelled, since then IU South Bend has begun to build back. The high point of student numbers at trips in 2017-2019 may be difficult to achieve again because of the smaller size of the campus student population. Note also that the numbers below include all the students who participated in South Bend or joint South Bend and other IU campus collaborative study abroad programs.

IU South Bend study abroad programs & growth

Year201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Number of Students68375979103130  1361400355383
Number of programs54556810100346

International Exchange – Fulbright Program

IU South Bend faculty have also been honored with Fulbright scholarships, and they then bring that knowledge that they gain because of their scholarship back to the campus. Destinations include countries in Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and Europe.

Peter Aghimien (Nigeria, 2002-03)
Joseph Chaney (Hong Kong, 2009-10)
Alfred Herschede (China, 1982-83)
Monle Lee (Taiwan, 2000-01)
Joseph Martellaro (Argentina, 1965-66)
Don Marti (Kazakhstan, 1997-98)
Jonathan Nashel (Vietnam, 2023-24)
Janis Penikis (Latvia, 1996-97)
Elaine Roth (Spain, 2010-11; Mexico, 2022-23)
Monica Tetzlaff (Ghana, 2014-15)
Thomas Thorson (Norway, 1974-75)
Rebecca Torstrick (Israel, 2003-04)
Lisa Zwicker (Poland 2020-21)

An article in the alumni magazine Foundations highlights this history of Fulbright scholars at IU South Bend.

International Exchange – Toulon

Since 2006, IU South Bend has sent and received students as part of an IU exchange to Université de Toulon et du Var. In the wake of Covid, the French program has very few students, and so the decision was made to put the student exchange on hold until we see if we can revitalize the French program.

The faculty exchange has continued. Because of the differing academic calendars, in the past the French candidate has taught at the IU South Bend campus in the summer, and IU South Bend faculty members have taught at Toulon during the spring. Toulon faculty members teach in South Bend in English; South Bend faculty in Toulon also teach in English, either in Business or the American Civilization program. Fourteen IU South Bend faculty members have taught in France in the Toulon program from History, Geography, World Languages, Political Science, Sociology, English, Business.

IU South Bend enrollment at International Studies classes

Although IU South Bend enrollment has declined, the proportion of international studies courses has remained mostly stable.

As IU South Bend leaders move forward and continue with the processes of transformation, we hope that we will be able to preserve the international studies options for students.  

List of locations for study abroad and the faculty associated with those trips.

Study abroad at IU South Bend began in 1969 with Roy Schreiber’s program to London. Since then study abroad has grown at IU South Bend. This list focuses on study abroad leaders who currently teach at IU South Bend as well as their teaching and research interests. It offers insight into of the diverse opportunities to learn about international themes that are available to IU South Bend students.

Durban, South Africa prior to 2012
Dé Bryant is a community psychologist who explores the role of the arts in social change and community-building. She partners groups in Michiana with sister sites in Durban, South Africa. She is Director of the Social Action Project (SOCACT) and professor at IU South Bend.

Montreal & Ottawa, 2019
Louis Collins teaches introductory ethics and critical thinking to students beginning their college careers, and she also enjoys teaching upper-level classes in ethics, social philosophy, and feminist philosophy.

Berlin, Germany & Prague, Czech Republic 2011 & 2014
Kelcey Ervick is an English professor and fiction writer, which means she makes things up for a living.

Costa Rica 2019, 2021, 2023, 2025
Mexico 2015, 2023
Tammy Fong-Morgan teaches all levels of Spanish language, writing, literature, and culture. Her research interests include Latinx Young Adult fiction, second language acquisition, language learning for professions.

Montreal & Ottawa Canada, 2019
Christina Gerken teaches and researches on contemporary immigration, immigrant communities, race and ethnicity, reproductive rights, and social movements.

Japan – Yearly since 2016 except 2020 and 2021
Yoshiko Green teaches Japanese language and culture courses. She combines her interest in Second-Language Acquisition, Japanese art and culture, and K-12 education through volunteer activities and cultural presentations.

Belize – every other year going back to the 1990s
Ann Grens teaches biology and leads a marine biology trip to Belize open only to biology majors and includes significant field work on site. She is one of the first professors at IU South Bend to have a scholarship established in her name by her students!

Berlin, Germany, 2023
Amy Gretencord teaches Radiographic Procedures and Clinical Experience courses. In April 2018, she received the College of Health Science Alumni of the Year Award for her dedication to students and the community.

Iceland, 2019, 2021, 2024
Terri Hebert teaches undergraduate courses for the elementary education program, including courses in science methods and inquiry. Each fall and spring, she coordinates community-based service-learning opportunities for her students occurring in the greater neighborhood. 

London, England & Edinburgh, Scotland 2013, 2015
Lee Kahan teaches and researchers on British literature. His research focuses My research focuses on the early years of the British novel (1660-1800).

European Union 2004, 2006
Neovi Karakatsanis, Professor of Political Science, studies Southern European politics, with an emphasis on Greece. She serves as the director of the Honors Program on campus.

Berlin, Germany, 2018, 2023, 2025
Jeff Luppes teaches all levels of German language, literature, and culture. His research focuses on topics at the intersection of history, culture, and politics, especially memory culture. His favorite courses to teach are beginning language classes. 

Oaxaca, Mexico 2013, 2024
Jake Mattox is especially interested in the cultural and political interactions in the nineteenth century between the United States and the nations of the Americas, including Mexico.

Mohammad Mehri, Greece 2019
Mohammad Mehri teaches and researches on information security and data analytics. In 2018 he won the award for Educator of the Year at IU South Bend.

Florence, Italy every other year since 2009
Susan Moore teaches all levels of photography. In her own creative work, she creates a unique depiction of place in her photographs the landscape.

Oviedo, Spain (program geared to music majors)
Jorge A. Muñiz teaches composition and music theory at the Ernestine M. Raclin School of the Arts. His compositions have been performed by soloists and orchestras in the U.S., Europe, Asia, and Australia.

Ireland 2016, 2017, 2023
Shawn Nichols-Boyle teaches Irish literature, professional writing, and ESL, and is passionate about international education. She focuses on storytelling and identity in minority cultures.

Germany, 2023
Maryann Oake teaches physics in the Radiography Program and physics, procedures, cross-sectional anatomy, and sectional pathology in the Medical Imaging Program.  She enjoys sharing her knowledge of the field, educating students, and serving the community.

Oaxaca, Mexico, 2012
Gabriel Popescu is a political geographer with interests in the ongoing influence of space on the relationships between states and societies. His recent scholarship is located at the intersection of power, borders, and digital technology.

China 2019
Yilei Qian teaches biology courses and is interested in a variety of bacterial species and various aspects of microbiological research, including microbial physiology, genetics, host-microbe interactions, and biotechnology.

Belize, 2014, 2017, 2019, 2021
Kristyn Quimby is a dental hygienist and Program Director of the Dental Hygiene program.  She is interested in the intersection of culture and health care.

Iceland 2021, 2024
Tony Randles has research interests in food security, how nutritional environments shape community health, and applied dietary interventions and chronic disease.

Oaxaca, Mexico, 2012, 2013, 2018
Elaine Roth teaches English and Film Studies. In the classroom and in her writing, she works to identify the quiet politics of the dominant form of cultural expression of our time: the movies.

Costa Rica, most years since 2004
Scott Sernau teaches courses on inequality, international development, and sustainability. 

London and Edinburgh
Matt Shockey teachers survey courses in the history of modern European philosophy (1600-present), as well as courses on imagination and empathy, the philosophy of action, meaningful work, and St. Augustine. His current focus is on teaching and developing courses on philosophical aspects of sustainability, such as environmental justice and systems thinking.

Ireland 2017, 2018, 2023
Jamie Smith teaches classes on urban politics, development, planning, and American political institutions. His research focuses on large-scale urban development projects and urban governance.

China 2019
Cydni Sofhauser is a professor of nursing and teaches a variety of courses in the undergraduate and graduate programs. She is a certified advanced holistic nurse and believes that healthcare should be delivered from an integrative, holistic focus, incorporating complementary therapies from various cultures with western medicine. 

London, England & Edinburgh, Scotland 2013, 2015
Kyoko Takanashi teaches English literature of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.  She is a specialist in the history of the novel and is interested in how fiction makes us think about history, communication, and community.

Oaxaca, Mexico, 2014, 2023
Jay VanderVeen teaches a variety of Anthropology courses from Ancient Civilizations to Zombies. He has conducted archaeological research both across the Caribbean and around the state of Indiana, focusing on the interactions of cultures at contact.

China 2024
Haiyan Yin teaches international business and has also also worked in the Developed Economics Research Group of the World Bank, doing empirical research in finance, economics, and business. 

Berlin, Germany & Prague, Czech Republic 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018
Lisa Fetheringill Zwicker teaches German history and gender studies. She is currently writing about fin-de-siècle women activists who pushed against gender restrictions and for greater opportunities for women.

Seeking international programs interns

IU South Bend’s international programs staff are looking for interns to promote   international education and help spread the word about the wonders of study abroad!

Volcano Arenal dominates the landscape during sunset, as seen from the Monteverde area, Costa Rica.

Interns might specialize in:
-organizing and conducting class presentations
-old media – reading newspapers and journals for interesting articles to link to our blog
-new media – creating videos or enhancing our website
-social media – enhancing our presence on our blog, Facebook, and Twitter
-international education week and other events organization
-outreach to the community
-outreach to student clubs or international students

 Ideal interns will be mature, thoughtful, reliable, and passionate about global education at IU South Bend. They will be self-starters with creative ideas about how best to promote IU South Bend international programs.

 Students can complete this internship as a course for one to three units, be paid as work-study students, or contribute as volunteers. Internships for credit will require academic components. Interested students should submit a cover letter describing relevant interests and the name of one academic reference.

 For more about international programs at IU South Bend, see our website: https://www.iusb.edu/intl-programs/ Contact Dr. Lisa Zwicker at zwicker@iusb.edu to apply.

South Bend, Indiana and Łódź, Poland

by Lisa Fetheringill Zwicker, Fulbright Scholar in Wrocław, Poland

How might the factory buildings from nineteenth century industries be used in today’s twenty-first century information age economies? The Polish city of Łódź offers a creative and compelling model, one that albeit requires significant public and private investment to succeed.

Postcard with a view of Izrael K. Poznański manufacturing plant at Ogrodowa Street, end of the nineteenth century, Łódź City Museum

South Bend, Indiana and Łódź Poland share a similar economic trajectory. They both rose to industrial importance in the second half of the nineteen century, and they both declined in the twentieth.

This picture shows Łódź before development began.

In the late 1700s, Łódź had been mostly farmland, Łódź City Museum

The two cities have the skeletons of the industrial past within their midst.

South Bend Studebaker factory in 1890 Source

The annual mid-year meeting for Fulbright students and scholars took place in 2022 in Łódź Poland, and my visit to Łódź showed me one way that beautiful architecture of the past could be re-developed for new purposes.

As part of two days of activities, students learned about the city and its past through a city tour where we spent time in factory campuses created by the Izrael Poznański and Karol Scheibler. In these places, entrepreneurs created not only vast factory spaces for spinning textiles but also built homes for workers, as well as fire stations, schools, and kindergartens.

Workers gathered in front of Karol Scheibler’s factory in Wodny Rynek (Wodny Market Square) at the end of the nineteenth century, Łódź City Museum

Our tour guide mentioned that so many of the workers’ needs were met within the network of the factory buildings that if the rest of the city of Łódź were to disappear, the workers would have barely noticed it.

As in Łódź, in South Bend, the Studebakers and the Olivers also created vast factory spaces – in their case for the carriages and cars they produced.  Like Łódź entrepreneurs, they also created workers’ homes and social services.

In Łódź, when I strolled through the beautifully restored buildings of brick, thronged with shoppers on a sunny Saturday, it felt bittersweet to think back to South Bend with its similar set of buildings full of possibility that also await the possibility of restoration.

For Łódź, finding the funds for redevelopment has taken time, and the redevelopment has not happened overnight. As Łódź was a city of 30% Jews before the Holocaust, the leaders had to wait for property rights to be determined before the city could be redeveloped. Up to 90% of Polish Jews were murdered in the Holocaust, and it was difficult to find their descendants. In the last 30 years since the fall of communism, the city has slowly begun building.

In these structures it is possible to see the beginnings of the sanding, cleaning and refining of the old brick, starting from the top of the building.

Only the top of this building has been renovated, so far

Like South Bend, Łódź, Poland is also a city with cold and gray winters and hot sticky summers. Yet like so many other European cities, there is a culture of walking and using public transportation which make developments like this much more possible. The willingness to pay taxes and to invest in public spaces also separates Europe from the United States where it is much more difficult to create a massive project like this one. I wonder if it is also a certain willingness to wait that makes the slow steady progress of a place like Łódź, possible.

I was struck that right across from the beautiful Art Museum, buildings still awaited renovation with holes in the building and graffiti.

Initial funding for the Manufaktura project came from private French investors, but European Union, Polish government, and other regional and city funds also made it possible.

Can we in the US, with so many beautiful historic buildings do something similar?

South Bend’s Studebaker buildings are just waiting…

Learning Polish Language in Wrocław

By Lisa Fetheringill Zwicker, Fulbright Scholar in Poland

On the third day of Polish class at the University of Wrocław, after our class of seven students from Guadeloupe, Belarus, Germany, Morocco, Japan, and Brazil had finished, I found my head spinning. I was so rusty after not speaking Polish for so many years, and ninety minutes of class only in Polish was a challenge. Some of my fellow students had been living in Poland for years and seemed to be following much more than I could.

Still, I wanted to be the good student.

I approached my teacher after class to ask – how should I prepare for class?

What tips did she had for me? Should I try to use note cards to memorize vocabulary? Should I buy Polish grammar books and review grammatical rules? Should I write down the lyrics to Polish songs and memorize them?  I was already meeting with a virtual coach on Verbling weekly; how could my coach best help me prepare for class and learn Polish?

Or, I thought, should I try to follow the example of my quite old-fashioned Russian teacher… I have memories of summer intensive Russian when I was an undergraduate at Berkeley and my teacher with his long grey beard expecting us the stand in front of the class and declaim the memorized Russian-language dialogue that was our homework.

The tricky grammar of Polish, (for foreigners) difficult pronunciation, for example the different forms of “sh” in “szczęśliwy” [lucky], I thought, maybe could best be mastered by trying to swallow whole sentences.

In response to my question, my teacher told me that I should go to museums, concerts, films, and performances, that I should try to immerse myself Polish culture while I am here and listen to the music of the Polish language. She had already handed out “What’s Playing” little booklets. If I really insisted on working through texts, I should try to decipher those texts as these little summaries of events were the ways that people actually spoke, but more importantly, then go to the films and performances.

June 6-22 What’s playing?

It was a culture clash.

I had approached the class wanting to learn how I could be as efficient as possible in my four months in Poland. I wanted to learn as much of the language as I could and reach my goals as fast as possible: to be able to communicate in Polish well enough for daily life in Wrocław; and to build a foundation for future study so I may be able to read Polish research on my topic on women in Wrocław/Breslau in the nineteenth century.

Now after three months here, I am still not as far along as I had hoped, but I can see clear progress. I’m following my teacher’s advice by watching Polish films and listening to Polish music, as well as my own tried and true methods of learning language using flashcards and writing and rewriting assignments.

My homemade flashcards – I haven’t been able to find them in stores!

Some of the most helpful suggestions have come from my IU colleague and Professor of Polish Lukasz Sicinski. He encouraged me to focus on vocabulary and start reading secondary sources in Polish in my field of study. He liked my idea of watching Netflix in Polish and listening to Polish music. He also encouraged me to not worry so much about grammar at this point because at my level that would interfere with being able to communicate.

Trying to learn a language in midlife has been a different experience than learning one as a college or graduate student. The new words do not pour into my brain as they had when I was younger. I seem to forget a week later the words that I had only recently memorized. It has been a challenge to feel helpless and unable to communicate. This despite the fact that Polish people in in Wrocław for the most part feel quite positively toward Americans and are usually happy to try to help me.

As I spend these four months in Wrocław and study the Jewish family the Bauers of Breslau and their descendants, I often think about those Jewish immigrants to the United States and other parts of the world in the 1930s where they were like me, trying to learn a new language in midlife – But unlike me they also faced hostility and open antisemitism. I think of my housemates from the Ukraine who are trying to learn Polish as they forge ahead with the continuing war close by.

Learning language has both such broad implications and is so specific and concrete. In this way it is both intensely personal as well as tied up into larger systems of cultures and politics.

And with that thought, I will sign off and head back to my Polish language flashcards, my Polish homework for Wednesday’s class, and a favorite Polish song, Krążę krążę, by Faustyna Maciejczuk.

Oaxaca de Juarez: Past & Present

by Adrian Pacheco, International Studies Intern 2022

When we first arrived at the airport in Santa Cruz, Xocotlan, Oaxaca, I was surprised to see a small town in a verdant valley that lacked any tall buildings or bustling highways. As we approached the city center, the buildings didn’t get any taller. What we found as we arrived at Oaxaca de Juarez ”downtown” was a quaint town full of art and artisans that expressed the city’s connection to its indigenous heritage while incorporating Spanish colonial influence at the same time.

The view from the Observatorio, Oaxaca de Juarez

The view from the Observatorio, Oaxaca de Juarez

Out of the roughly 70 indigenous groups native to the Mexican territory, 16 of them are found in Oaxaca, each with their own language and individual culture and customs. Since the arrival of the Spanish in the early 1500’s, the landscape of Mexico has seen immense change in the groups that inhabit the mountains, valleys and coasts of the country. Oaxaca exists as an example of the cultural syncretism brought about by the Spanish, it is expressed through their food, dress and especially their architecture. Much of the buildings in Oaxaca are built in a traditional Spanish style, but the food, art and traditions in the state are directly influenced by the native Zapotec communities that call the valley home.

Tlayuda de Chapulines y una Michelada

Tlayuda de Chapulines y una Michelada

It has been fascinating to take on this trip with Spanish and Anthropology students, as we get to see where modern Mexican life meets with the ancient traditions set by indigenous communities. Oaxaca is home to incredibly maintained archeological sites like Monte Alban, Mitla, and San Jose Mogote.

Ruins of Mitla, Tlacolula Valley

Hailey Hamilton on Studying Abroad in Toulon

Introduction by Lisa Zwicker, Director of International Programs

Since 2006, IU South Bend and Université de Toulon et du Var (UTV) have had a formal exchange in which students from IU South Bend study at Toulon University, and students from Toulon study on our campus. For our students, the primary goal of spending a semester or year in Toulon is to acquire proficiency in written and spoken French and cultural competence that includes a deeper understanding of the culture and history of France. IU South Bend students in Toulon take classes in French; as a result, this exchange is primarily geared toward French majors and minors. The Toulon exchange provides an ideal opportunity for students to learn from native speakers and to progress quickly toward graduation.

UTV is an urban campus of close to 10,000 students, some residential, with many commuting, and enrolls many international students. It offers programs in law, business, economics, technology, engineering, natural sciences, world languages, and humanities. The campus is situated on the eastern edge of the city of Toulon, a major port and commercial center on the French southern coast between Marseilles and Nice. With its mild Mediterranean climate, mountain backdrop, and campus of palms and large sycamores, this is a very appealing location in which to study. 

According to government data, Toulon has more sunshine per year than any other city in France: an average of 2,856 hours per year. This is largely due to the wall of mountains (Maritime Alps) that protects Toulon from weather coming from the north. Just 50 km to the east of Toulon are the beautiful French Riviera cities of Saint Tropez and Saint Raphaël. Marseille and Nice are both less than one hour by train.

Hailey writes about her year in Toulon…

French majors, minors, students proficient in French (and those who would like to be!) are invited to learn about the IU South Bend – Université de Toulon et du Var (UTV) exchange program by getting in touch with International programs director Lisa Zwicker (zwicker@iusb.edu) or Professor of French Anne Magnan-Park.

Art in the Jewish Studies Department and Beyond

by Lisa Fetheringill Zwicker, Fulbright scholar in Wrocław, Poland

“You must see the department’s art,” the Chair of the Jewish Studies Department Marcin Wodziński told me at our first meal together. After a bit of miscommunication (his original email landed in my spam folder), I found myself with Marcin and another visiting faculty member, Atsuto Anzai, as we started in Marcin’s office and then made our way through the hallways and classrooms.

The Jewish Studies department is housed in a former medieval Augustinian Monastery, a building that was later rebuilt in the early 1700s and then used as the first university library.

Home of the Jewish Studies Department, Uniwersytet Wrocławski

During the 1945 siege of Breslau, it became the headquarters for the National Socialist defense of the city. Breslau fell, in fact, four days after Berlin. Marcin shared with me that National Socialist military officials in charge of Breslau’s siege planned their strategy around the table and in the room that now serves as the department seminar room, filled with books donated by the Jewish studies and gender studies scholar Ada Rapoport-Albert (1945-2020). Fitting symbolism for a new era for the University!

The Taube Philanthropies and Koret Foundation donated funds for a complete renovation of the building, and before construction began, the department invited artists from the Eugeniusz Geppert Academy of Art and Design to construct an exhibit of paintings on the walls themselves, art that was meant to exist only for the short time before the renovation was to begin. A few pieces from that time remain in department offices as special treasures, and Marcin is considering now the best ways to display them.

The most prominent art appears along the hallways by Mira Zelechower-Aleksiun whose work displayed here brings together Jewish sacred texts with Polish history and popular culture.

These images don’t quite do justice to the size of the pieces, that can be seen below in the Jewish studies hallway

In pieces like the one below, Zelechower-Aleksiur draws together Biblical narratives of Jacob with references to twentieth century culture – the art of Bruno Schulz and a short story Ptaki (Birds) that speaks, in Zelechower-Aleksiun’s words, of “autumn, the depths of winter, and yellow nights.” 

In the main lecture hall, works of Lev Stern make reference to creation in Genesis and the division of land and water.

Marcin and Lev Stern installing paintings, photo courtesy of Monika Jaremków

Along the wall, the ten frames of paintings, in Stern’s signature style of building up layers of paint and using tools to scrape away lines or layers, suggest the ten decades of the twentieth century.

One seminar room hosts the powerful and immediate photographs of Agnieszka Traczewska whose moving images document the Hasidic community.

The collage works of Anna Szpakowska-Kujawska make reference to the Holocaust, here in her pieces in which the word “Dlaczego” [Why] repeats.

Dlaczego / Why

During our walk, I asked about presenting this valuable art in areas where they could be stolen or vandalized. I wondered out loud about the exposure of these precious pieces.

Perhaps taking such risks seem obvious and natural in a city like Wrocław where art seems to be everywhere. Along the Riverwalk outside of the University library fly the sculptures of Magdalena Abakanowicz.

Birds by Magdalena Abakanowicz.

And her playful sculptures shine outside of the National Museum

Modern buildings vie with historic ones

Murals cover the sides of buildings…

Outlined against historic buildings, even late winter trees seem spookily dramatic with their long curving branches

The role of the art in public spaces here reminds me of the ideas of Americans for the Arts that “Public art humanizes the built environment and invigorates public spaces. It provides an intersection between past, present and future, between disciplines, and between ideas.”

For the members of the Jewish Studies Department, the impact of this decision for Marcin and other department members was clear, “Putting the art on our walls created a new feeling in the department, especially for our students. It created a new sense of solemnity and purpose that you could see in the students’ faces and in their eyes as they entered this space.”

With thanks to Monika Jaremków for her help with this article.

ą ż ó ł

Reflections on living in Toulon France

by Josie Pyke, IU South Bend student taking part in the IU South Bend – Université de Toulon student exchange.

My experience in Toulon France has been amazing!

So far, in my first two months here, one of my favorite things about Toulon is the weather – like much of the rest of Southern France, it is consistently about 60 degrees Fahrenheit, of course with some days better than others. The sun is almost always shining here, which is in great contrast to Indiana.

Sunset on the Mediterranean

The number of international student here at the University of Toulon is also a wonderful part of my experience. Of course, I was expecting to meet French people, but I have met so many people from all over the world and it is exciting to think that I will have these connections. Most students I have befriended are super understanding when I must take extra time to think about speaking French.

Finally, probably my favorite part about being here is having the time to travel and see sights I have never seen before. Another student from IU South Bend and I had the chance to go to Paris on our winter break in February and it was unreal to be able to be there on our own.

A Full Moon and Notre Dame of Paris

There are even some places near Toulon that are so beautiful to be beyond words. Overall, I am incredibly grateful to have had this opportunity to be in this beautiful city for a semester. 

Uncle Mich

For Anne Magnan-Park, connecting with a place – its sheer physical commanding presence – is a process. Past, present, inherited, silenced, made-up, and dreamed-up experiences connected to that space compete in a mess of spontaneous conversations. Here, Anne reflects on her interaction with a place and an elder who may not be entirely unfamiliar to you.

Nineteenth Century French novelist Marcel Proust had tea and a madeleine to conjure up powerful, seemingly lost personal experiences in Remembrance of Things Past. What if we had collective madeleines to experience a place through multiple perspectives and time frames, inclusive of silenced narratives? As a Franco-Hoosier immigrant, I don’t indulge in madeleines, but I do have a lake. Or rather, I do stand by a lake. A lake as palpable as it is elusive. A sacred, ancient, mountainous, madeleine lake.

For the past two years, during which we have had to distance ourselves from our closest relatives residing overseas, my daughter and I have come to embrace Lake Michigan as an elder, a family member of sorts.

We call it alternatively Aunty and Uncle Mishigami – or Aunty and Uncle Mich for short — and visit regularly. In my husband’s culture, the young call their elders “aunty” and “uncle” as a sign of connection and respect. I imagine that for my daughter, Uncle Mich resembles my brother, the adventure-prone, highly protective, and avid storyteller Uncle Yéyé. Like this relative, Aunty/Uncle Mich possesses both an invigorating and a comforting presence. As you do with family members after you delight in interacting with them for a while, you grow curious about what makes them who they are and how their environment shapes them. You become aware of the mixed projections you cast onto them. They’re still family, but you start bonding with them through something more tangible than ties secured by blood or matrimony. Aunty Mich calls for more than just fun at the beach and the convenience of geographical proximity.

At first, I thought that visiting Uncle Mich in the dead of winter would shed light on a different facet of their personality. I would have them all to myself to enjoy their unadulterated crashing sounds, songs, and whispers.

I was standing by the water’s edge when a black wetsuit and its surfing board landed on the freezing water, inches away from me. Whose death-defying uncle was that? As I photographed the stranger in the wetsuit, I thought of all the ways I was not experiencing or was unwilling to experience Uncle Mich, from grazing the water’s surface in a speedboat to freestyling in pancake ice. I mused on future potential interactions such as scuba diving. Over one hundred WWII-era aircraft lie at the bottom of this lake since Aunty Mich was a little-known safe training space for Navy and Marine Corps pilots. The Navy qualified over 15.000 pilots trained on two former excursion boats turned into makeshift, lake-bound flattops: the USS Wolverine and the USS Sable. I imagine, incredulous, the peculiar sight of the only two American carriers propelled by coal and side-wheels.

Model of the USS Wolverine from the Chicago Maritime Museum

But I think I’ll leave the aircraft to my scuba-diving brother who, unlike me, enjoys everything military. I’m not sure he would take me with him anyway because the last time we dived together, I smiled uncontrollably when we fed sea urchins to a school of fish in the Mediterranean Sea. Because I have good cheeks, my smile caused my ill-adjusted mask to fill up with water. I had to go back to the surface to empty it out. I just could not help myself. But perhaps, we won’t smile so much at the sight of the invasive mussels that can filter the volume of the lake in four to six days and that have dramatically impacted its wildlife.

The one thing I know for sure is that my brother will laugh when I remind him of the only vision of Aunty Mich we were exposed to as children: the 1970s Japanese animated series Candy, Candy. The protagonist spends her childhood in Pony’s Home orphanage at the edge of Lake Michigan in the early 20th century.

Pony’s Home from the Crystal Tokyo Anime blog by

This series was hugely popular in the France of our childhood, but in the continental US, Candy Candy was released in video format in 1981. As a consequence, none of my American friends — except those who grew up in Hawaii where they had access to a dedicated Japanese TV station — share my first glimpse of Lake Michigan. This is too bad because they might get a kick out of the establishing opening shot in the pilot episode of Candy, Candy. It opens on a snow-caped view of the shores of Uncle Mich as the narrator sets the scene with this sentence, which I’m translating from the French dubbed version: “Nestled at the foot of a mountain, South of Lake Michigan, lies an old orphanage called Pony’s Home.” A what now? A mountain? When I snorkel in Uncle Mich after reading their vast and dynamic body from the top of the not-so-mountainous Warren Dunes, I confide in them: I did not come here looking for a fantasized mountain village, Lake, America. I made a commitment to learn your histories, but you don’t make that particularly easy, do you? I see makeshift flattops with sidewheels and landing decks too short and narrow where others insist on seeing majestic aircraft carriers. Perhaps, I was expecting a taller version of you, a more inclusive version of you. Some say the personal is political. The personal is a messy, multi-faceted process. It is a conversational process. I too come from a messy land of compromised Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. So, let’s keep talking. I’m listening, Lake. I’m looking.

And the water mixing past, present, fantasized, personal, and incomplete historical faces of the lake fills my mask as I swim back to shore.

Many thanks to those who have made the lake a place of joy over the years: Han, Nina, Peyton, Nathalie, Shayna, Emily, Stéphanie, Benjamin, Margot, Clara and the Park and Magnan families. Many thanks to Kyoko Takanashi for offering her translation of the opening line of the first episode of Candy, Candy in its original (Japanese) version.

First presented as a radio essay on WVPE for Michiana Chronicles. Find all of Anne’s essays on the WVPE website.

Update from Olivia in Costa Rica

From Olivia Brunner who writes from Costa Rica:

We have officially made it to our home stay families. Rhea and I are living with Antonia and Rodolfo. Communication is a bit broken at the moment, but this will be a great way to learn Spanish!

Today we started our Spanish classes as well at the Academia de Nicoya. My teacher, Diego, is very patient and helpful. I think I’ll learn a lot in these classes. After our studies, we ate a delicious buffet lunch at the academy. My favorite part was the meat dish! We then took a walking tour of Nicoya and saw some of the important landmarks, such as the church in the town square.

We had some free time this afternoon to explore the town a bit. A few other students and I walked along the streets and did some shopping. Now, we’re taking a break from the sun in our home stay houses while we wait for dinner. This evening we’ll head back to the academy for Latin dance classes. I look forward to it!